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The Ethiopian Queen of Sheba and "race" in the late middle ages www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-myth-o...

Tombs at Bur Gao, Somalia -BIEA #archivesxt

Fortified house of Melek Tumbol. Colossal statue in the island of Arco (Argo) Pyramids of Meroe Pyramids of Gibel el Birkel (Jebel Barkal) Sudan. George Alexander Hoskins, 1835 #archivesxt

-The policeman at Timbuctoo. -A school-master. -A house: typical of Timbuctoo restored -Sketch of the Plan of the Great Mosque of Timbuctoo. Félix Dubois, 1896 René Caillié, 1830 #ethnographxt #archivesxt

The Queen of Sheba. From "Bellifortis" by Conrad Kyeser, ca. 1402-05

The term "Black Pharaohs" is a classic example of colonial racism in modern Egyptology No serious scholar would ever refer to the Ptolemaic dynasty as "White Pharaohs" Egypt had 5 foreign dynasties (Hyksos "Asiatics", Libyans, Kushites, Persians, Greeks), but only one of them is othered this way

Udàmalóre (ceremonial sword) Ivory Ijebu-Yoruba artist 17th–18th century Met Museum

Ram's-head Amulet Third Intermediate Period, Kushite Period ca. 712–664 BCE

Safavid oil painting of an African soldier, Persia, Isfahan, circa 1680-90

illustration on the left is from Angola, 17th century illustration on the right is from Brazil, 18th century

Zumbi dos Palmares Salvador, Bahia One of the leaders of the independent kingdom

In the 1600s, some 21,000 runaway slaves in Brazil founded an independent kingdom in the interior that lasted nearly a century (1612-1694) It had a capital of 5,000, its own king, provincial chiefs, judges, priests, and an army that raided Dutch and Portuguese plantations

In 1562, some Frenchmen took a group of Indigenous Tupinambá people from Brazil to France to show off their wealth. Instead of being impressed, the Tupinambá looked at the starving French peasants and wondered why they hadn’t yet slit the throats of their wealthy lords and burned down their houses

-Two Portuguese figures fighting beside a tethered pangolin -Portuguese man blowing a long horn -Portuguese warrior plaque -Portuguese merchants at the Benin court The evolving image of the European in African art www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-evolvi...

Discovery of Angola's oldest stone burials, including its only known ancient cremation phys.org/news/2026-07...

Angola's oldest burials, including its only known ancient cremation, uncovered at a 15th-century site doomed by a damAs the construction of a hydroelectric dam loomed, archaeologists raced to uncover Angola's earliest dated burials and its only known cremation at a 15th-century settlement before it vanished beneath ...phys.org

Lourenço da Silva Mendonça's 1684 Vatican case against Atlantic Slavery and the Afro-Brazilian diaspora www.patreon.com/isaacsamuel6...

Bust of António Manuel ne Vunda (d. 1608), Ambassador from the Kingdom of Kongo to the Vatican. Santa Maria Maggiore Baptistery, Rome, Italy. www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-africa...

Olaudah Equiano, c.1789 www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-africa...

Portrait of King Garcia II Nkanga a Lukeni a Nzenze a Ntumba, c. 1641 www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-africa...

Two centuries before the formal abolition of Slavery, an African prince from the kingdom of Ndongo (modern Angola) spearheaded an international legal case against Spain, Portugal, and Italy, accusing them of committing crimes against humanity www.africanhistoryextra.com/p/the-africa...

The African origins of Abolition: African Anti-Slavery Laws in the Atlantic World.Abolitionism succeeded thanks to the struggles of many movements, some of which were global, while others were local and emerged from pre-existing Anti-slavery laws in pre-colonial Africa that sought ...www.africanhistoryextra.com