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Homeowners. St. Augustine had a significant Black community & they established a thriving area called Lincolnville after the Civil War where they built homes, business, churches, & schools.

The Spanish founded St. Augustine in Florida in 1565 & the settlement included people of African ancestry. The marriage recorded between Luisa de Abrego, an Afro-Hispanic woman, & a Spanish soldier named Miguel Rodriquez in 1565 is now considered the oldest known Christian marriage in US history.

This portrait from around 1922 depicts Rosa and Moses Demps with their children in front of their home in St. Augustine. Black families lived in St. Augustine since before the English arrived in Jamestown - parish registers recorded the birth of a Black child in St. Augustine in 1606.

The Girl Scouts of Tropical Florida c. 1966. From the archival collection of The Black Archives History & Research Foundation of South Florida.

As a fellow native of Miami Dade, I love the work of Melissa Gutierrez. AKA West of Chester, her online shop is open now for 24 hours. I couldn’t resist getting a 2nd print of this because I love the ubiquitous Spanish expression ojalá (derived from Arabic) that means LET'S HOPE! westofchester.com

As Miami-Dade County government officials, we know how important Haitian TPS-holders are to our economy and community. | opinion

When Charlayne Hunter-Gault arrived at University of GA in 1961, some white students responded with violence; she was suspended “for her safety” but returned with a court order & earned a journalism degree. Portrait by Jospeh Schwarz, a professor who organized a faculty resolution to reinstate her.

Dr. Caroline Still Anderson (born in Philadelphia in 1848) was a physician & educator. Her parents, William & Letitia Still, were leaders in the Underground Railroad who helped scores of Americans to free themselves from slavery. Her grandparents were themselves self-liberated, formerly enslaved.

After buying her freedom, Elizabeth Keckley established a clothing business in Washington DC in 1860 favored by the elite. During the Civil War she established an organization to assist formerly enslaved Americans. After Lincoln’s assassination she published a memoir to raise funds for his widow.

“Saunders & 180 other known Black or Indigenous soldiers were stationed at the Redding Encampment — sometimes referred to as ‘Connecticut’s Valley Forge.’ From June to September 1778, personnel documents describe Saunders as tending the sick at the actual Valley Forge in Pennsylvania.”

Dr. Edward Bouchet (born in New Haven, CT in 1852) was among the first Americans in U.S. history to earn a Ph.D. in physics. The son of a formerly enslaved father, Dr. Bouchet earned his doctorate from Yale in 1876.

“This is a modern city that doesn’t understand its origin 5,000 years ago. So many people in Miami are really interested. We should be creating those opportunities to create that sense of place. This all didn’t just spring out of the ground.” Read more at: www.miamiherald.com/news/local/c...

James Forten heard the 1st public reading of the Declaration of Independence in 1776; he participated in the American Revolution & fought for its ideals long after the war. A skilled entrepreneur & ardent abolitionist, his wife & daughters founded the 1st interracial antislavery society for women.

Gertrude Mossell (here in a portrait with her daughters c. 1890) was a journalist & educator. Her great grandfather, Cyrus Bustill, served with Washington’s troops during the American Revolution & helped found Philadelphia’s Free African Society. Her sister was Paul Robeson’s mother.

During the American Revolution, Cuffee Saunders (born in Guyana) was an enslaved medical assistant who served with the Patriots. He treated the wounded & purchased his freedom with his enlistment bounty. His son, Prince Saunders (pictured), a Dartmouth grad, was Haiti's attorney general.

Austin Curtis an enslaved jockey whom E. Hotaling calls the US’s “1st truly great professional athlete” was granted freedom after hiding horses from the British during the American Revolution. NC legislature added his former owner's surname in his emancipation record hence "Austin Jones" in his obit

Lemuel Haynes was a Revolutionary War veteran & the 1st Black (mixed-race) man to be ordained as a minister in the US. He argued for universal rights in his 1776 antislavery tract, Liberty Further Extended, challenging the pretense of a nation fighting for its own freedom while denying it to others.

In 1770 Crispus Attucks was the 1st martyr of the American Revolution. Son of an African father & Native American mother, he'd liberated himself from slavery & joined the multiracial ranks of northeastern mariners b4 sacrificing his life, as G.W. Williams put it, “on the altar of a people’s rights.”

John Trumbull painted this portrait of George Washington & William Lee from memory around 1780, roughly 5 years after Trumbull had served as an aide-de-camp. William Lee was a mixed-race equestrian & valet who accompanied & assisted Washington throughout the American Revolutionary War.

Black soldiers sought freedom through various means during the American Revolution. Hundreds, many of whom were self-liberated, joined the Hessian armies. About 70 of these Black American soldiers settled in Germany after the war, transforming themselves “from slaves to subjects.”